Improvement in speaking-telephones



W. GILLETT. Speakingielephqne. No. 204,024.

Patented May 21,1878.

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MM a MPETERS. PHOTQUTHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON D D UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE.

WEBSTER GILLETT, OF YISI LANTI, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF HIS RIGHTTO G. M. GILLETT, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN SPEAKl-NG-TELEPHONES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 204,024,.dated May 21,1878; application filed March 22, 1878.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WEBSTER GILLETT, ofYpsilanti, in the county of Washtenaw and State of Michigan, haveinvented a certain new and Improved Telephone and I do hereby declarethat the following is a full, clear, and complete description thereof,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of thesame.

. Figure 1 is a perspective view of the instrument. Fig. 2 is atransverse section. 'Figs. 3, 4., and 5 are detached sections, whichwill be hereinafter referred to.

- Like letters of reference refer to like parts in theseveral views. v

My invention or improvement in telephones consists of a vibrator orseries of Wires or springs placed transversely opposite. the mouth-pieceor opening thereof; and also in the combination of the above with amagnetic cylinder having a coil of wire thereon and inclosing anelectro-magnet, which is connected with said cylinder by means of ametallic plate.

.The magnetic cylinder is secured at its base to a case or holder,within which is a soft-iron central core or magnet, with a spool thereonof insulated wire. Between the core-spool and cylinder is an annularspace, and around the cylinder is wound a coil of insulated wire, theinner end of which is attached to the inner end of the wire upon thespool of the said softiron core or magnet, while the outer end extendsto one of the binding-posts, and the outer end of the wire or helix onthe said spool goes to the other binding-post.

In close proximity to the end of the cylinder and soft-iron magnet isplaced a wire vibrator, which issecured to the case in such way as toallow the wires thereof to vibrate to and from the cylinder and magnet.The casein which the cylinder, wires, magnet, spool, and vibrator areinclosed may be of any suitable form, and is provided with a cap havinga central opening directly in front of the vibrator.

' I am aware that telephones with diaphragms, bar or permanent magnets,and wire coils have been used. Therefore I do not claim them per se; butthe distinguishing features of my improvement consist in thewirevibrator, cylinder, with its coil, and the soft-iron magnet, with itsspool and coil or helix, arranged within the said cylinder and connectedwith a Y suitable case in such way that the wires of the vibrator aretransverse to the end of the cylinder and magnet, which, in connectionwith the wire coils on the spool and cylinder, generates an electricinfluence, which is transmitted over the line from one point to another.This electric energy is generated by means of the vibrator, caused byany acoustic action in the vibratory wires. 7

For a more full and complete description of the said invention,reference will be had to the following specification and to the annexeddrawings, making part of the same.

In Figs. 1 and 2, A represents the case, and B the cap or cover, inwhich is a central opening, 0, in proximity to the vibrator D. Directlyon the opposite side of the vibrator is the magnetic cylinder E, whichis, secured to the inside of the case, and supported therein by means ofthe bar F and screw G, Fig.2. In the interior of the cylinder is placedthe soft-iron core or magnet H, on which is a spool, I, provided with aWire coil or helix, J. Said magnet H is connected to and held in placeby the bar F. Around the magnetic cylinder is a wire coil, K, Figs. 2and 4, the inner end a of which connects with the inner end of thespool-wire at a, and the outer end b of thecoil K extends, to thebinding-post L, Fig 1. The outside wire 0 goes from the coil J to thebinding-post M, Figs. 1 and 2. The relative position and connections ofthe cylinder, magnet, spool, and coils are shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

The vibrator D, Fig. 5, consists of a ring or frame, N, with a series offine wires or springs, 0, extending across the opening of the ring andsecured at their ends to the sideof said ring. This ring is placedwithin the case in such way that the wires or springs will run acrossthe end of the cylinder, spool, and magnet transversely, and by means ofthe cap B, which fits down over the ring N, the vibrator is held inposition, as seen in Fig. 2.

By having the vibrator made up of a series of fine wires or springsclose to each other, it is rendered very acute and sensitive to acousticinfluence, as each separate wire has its separate independent pole ofpolarities when in its close connection with the cylinder and magnet,and by this combination of the vibrator, cylinder, and core or magnet alarge amount of electric volume is generated, and hence thecommunication is carried over. the line with more energy than byordinary telephonic action.

The wire I) is coiled around this positive pole of the cylinder, whichis of the strongest magnetic influence, and presenting a large magneticsurface to the wire. The wire 1) extends from the binding-post L, andforms one end of the coil around the cylinder, and the other end is seenat a, which passes to the spool coil J, and makes a connection at a withthe inner endfof the coil J, while the outer end a of the coil J iscarried to the bindingpost M. These two coils are wrapped in theopposite direction, having their inside ends connected, so that thecurrent generated by the outside coil K shall not be neutralized by thatgenerated in the coil J, or vice versa. As a current of electricitypasses through the wireof each helix J and K to the binding-posts, itsaction on the core or magnet H is greater than though of hard steel.Consequently, as a receiving-instrument, it has the power of both-thatof the attraction given it by induction and the electricity which istransmitted over the line by the transmitting-instrument. The core H,placed inside of the coil J, becomes magnetized by induction. Althoughit is thus magnetized, it does not change its action when a current ofelectricity is acting through its coil J. There is a material differencein the power of attraction between a soft-iron core or magnet, H, and ahard-steel core when acted upon by an electric current hence the greatadvantage of the soft-iron core or magnet H herein shown.

In using this instrument there is one or more placed at each end of theline, with suitable wire connections in the usual way. Now, by producingvibrations of the strings or wires of the vibrator for each vibration, acurrent of electricity is generated in the coils J and K, which istransmitted over the line to and through the coils in the instrument atthe other end. The same result follows in case more than one instrumentis in connection.

The vibrator, moved by the voice or otherwise, induces a current ofelectricity in the coils J and K, and in a receiving-instrument thecurrents induce a vibration of the wires of the vibrator.

Thus alternately the strings of the vibrator are attracted successivelyby each vibration toward the cylinder-E and core H, and spring back totheirformer place as soon as'the current is stopped. The more rapid thevibration of the wires or strings O the stronger and more rapid thecurrents over the line. Hence the vibrations which are produced upon thevibrator at one end of the line are repeated on the vibrator at theother end, delivering thereby the intelligence desired to be conveyed.The same result is produced at either end of the line from similarinstruments when placed in connection, as shown.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In telephones, an improvement consisting of a vibrator composed of aseries of wires or springs, a magnetic cylinder having a wire helixthereon, and a core or magnet with a wire coil arranged within saidcylinder, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a telephone, the vibrator O, or a series of wires or springs settransversely and opposite the opening of the mouth-piece, substantiallyas specified.

3. In telephones, an improvement consisting of the central core ormagnet H, with a spool and helix thereon, surrounded by the cylinder Eand its wire coil, in combination with the bar F, vibrator D, case A,and cover B, constructed and arranged substantially asdescribed, and forthe purpose specified.

4. In telephones, an improvement consist ing of the cylinder and itscoil surrounding the central magnet, its spool and hehx connected withthe bar F at one end, and having a wire vibrator at the other, andsecured in a suitable case with an opening in direct relation with saidvibrator, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In telephones, the combination of the vibrator D, the cylinder E,with a helix thereon, the central magnet H, spool I; and

coil J, with the wires of said vibrator arranged transversely to the endof said cylinder and magnet, arranged in a suitable frame or case,substantially as described, and for the pur pose set forth.

WEBSTER GILLETT.

Witnesses W. H. BURRIDGE, J OHN H. BURRIDGE.

